가야고분군 아카이브

초록(영문)

Euiryeong area was located in between several strong Gayas such as Daegaya in Goryeong Bihwagaya in Changryeong Aragaya in Ham-an and Sogaya in Goseong so that it was a geographically and geopolitically important area. However the existing studies on Gaya have focused mainly on Geumgwangaya in Gimhae Daegaya in Goryeong and Aragaya in Ham-an which were the centers of Gaya and few studies on its neighboring Gayas including Euiryeong have been made. In case of Euiryeong area the excavation and accurate earth surface investigation have been performed actively thanks to the increase in the interest in regional culture since the 1990s and many ancient data have been accumulated in this process. In addition after confirming the diversity of the excavated remains and the structural characteristics of tomb customs the essence of the history of Gaya in Euiryeong area has been examined to a certain extent. Through the general review for the archeological investigations that have been done for Euiryeong area so far this study investigated the tomb customs and remains in this area and divided Gaya tumulus culture in Euiryeong area into 5 stages based on the data obtained from the said results and set up their development aspects. Based on these the study groped for the overall changing and distribution aspects of tumulus culture in Euiryeong area and investigated its flow. The development process characteristics of tumulus culture in Euiryeong area could be summarized as in the following: 1. In the 1st to the 2nd stage the pottery culture recognized as early-style pottery was widespread in Euiryeong area but the differentiation of class was clear but there were no large-scale wooden chamber tombs that signified the existence of strong political groups and there were medium-and small-scale wooden chamber tombs of general working class. 2. In the 3rd stage Euiryeong area was divided into South-west cultural zone centering on Euiryeong-eup and North-east cultural zone centering on Euiryeong-eup and changed variously from the starting point of Nam-gang and Nakdong-gang water system. Namely there was an appearance of the South-west group that accepted Goseong Ham-an and Jungchonri-type pottery culture newly in South-west area and of the North-east group that accepted Goryeong and Changnyeong's pottery culture newly by replacing the cultural zone of existing early-style stoneware cultural zone and the development was made through the exchange and influence with these areas. 3. In the 4th stage Silla Dynasty penetrated into Gaya area and Euiryeong area especially Northeast area was heavily influenced by Silla. Such a penetration of Silla into Euiryeong seemed to be made through Changnyeong group in between Nakdong River. Meanwhile the penetration of Goryeong group centering on Northeast area became active and the entry of Japanese elements through Goseong group into Euiryeong area was also attempted and this period became complex and diversified. 4. In the 5th stage after the fall of Daegaya by Silla Dynasty in 562 Euiryeong area assimilated gradually into Silla and such a process did not occur at a time comprehensively but occurred gradually while coexisting with the existing site cultural zones. 5. Meanwhile after the 3rd stage it has not been clear that Gaya group that existed in Southwest and Northeast areas of Euiryeong was connected directly with Imryeguk Taksunguk Saigiguk and Takgitanguk claimed by some scholars. However it seemed that the Southwest group formed a small political system centering on Jungri tumulus groups and Northeast group was believed to have an independent separate group centering on Yugok-ri and Gyeongsan-ri tumulus groups even if they were not the same as the Southwest group in scope. It seemed that both groups existed up to the occupation of Daegaya by Silla in 562 and they were thought to be merged into Silla almost in the same period. Lastly the stone coffin within the stone room of Gyeongsan-ri #1 tumulus (with Japanese elements) and the cut ship-shape plain or stone shelf appeared in the stone room of Ungok-ri #1 tumulus and Japanese-style remains excavated from Gyeongsan-ri #2 tumulus did not show the same tomb structure as the elements of Ungok-ri #1 tumulus and Gyeongsan-ri #1 tumulus also in Japan. In this regard they demonstrated some Japanese-style elements in terms of the composition of tomb structure but they followed the construction methods of tomb structure practiced generally in this area in the overall construction of tombs; therefore it would be hard to consider them as a complete Japanese-style tombs. The remains from these tombs were excavated along with the site remains in hollow-typed stone-lined tomb a typical Gaya tomb structure. In this aspect it seemed that the owners of the Japanese-style tombs were not Japanese people but captains from Euiryeong area and the said Japanese elements shown in Euiryeong area were thought to be introduced via Goseong group from Japan.

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